Treatment Decision Tree for Managing Speech Problems Associated With Cleft Palate and VPD
Figure adapted With Permission From Trost-Cardamone (2013)
Note. PSNE = phoneme-specific nasal emission; VPD = velopharyngeal dysfunction; VP = velopharyngeal.
Trost-Cardamone, J. (2013). Cleft palate speech: A comprehensive 2-part set. Rockville, MD: American Speech-Language-Hearing Association.
